Blog 3 International Organizations (United Nations and world organisation’s)

The Hague is home to over 250 international organizations (including NGOs) working in the field of peace, justice and security as a result of its rich legacy in international politics. The Hague is the only city outside New York with a key UN body and is home to almost every international organization in the field of peaceful administration. In 1998,the former UN Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali, described in The Hague as the legal capital of the world. World famous examples are the International Court of Justice, the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the International Criminal Court.

In 1903, philanthropist Andrew Carnegie gave $ 1.5 million to the Netherlands for the construction of the Peace Palace and the establishment of the Carnegie Foundation. The Hague Academy of International Law was founded on July 14, 1923 in accordance with the ideas of the Second Hague Peace Conference of 1907.  

Here some examples:

The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. It was established in 1945 by the Charter of the United Nations and installed in April 1946 in the Peace Palace. The ICJ is composed of 15 judges chosen by the United Nations General Assembly and the Security Council for a term of nine years. Authorised Nations organs and specialised agencies can also refer legal questions to the ICJ for advisory opinions.

The Permanent Court of Arbitration was founded in 1899 as a result of the first Hague Peace Conference, the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) was the world's first international to facilitate arbitration and other forms of dispute resolution between states. Since 1913 it has been housed in the Peace Palace.

In 1913 the Peace Palace Library (PPL) was opened as the world's first single library on international, comparative and foreign national law. The library has one of the world's largest collections in the field of international law, public, private law and foreign national law, as well as an extensive collection on international political and diplomatic history and the history of peace movements.  

After the Chemical Weapons Convention was signed in Paris in 1993, the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) established in 1997 to implement the Chemical Weapons Convention.

The Iran-United States Claims Tribunal (IUSCT) was established to  address and to resolve relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the United States of America.

The International Centre for Terrorism - The Hague (ICCT) is an independent research centre that focuses on creating, collecting and disseminating information regarding the preventive and legal aspects of international terrorism. 

The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) was established in 1993 by the United Nations Security Council Resolution to the serious violations of international humanitarian law committed in the territory of the former Yugoslavia since 1991 to tackle. The ICTY is responsible for bringing to trial persons charged with violations of international humanitarian law, to render justice to their victims, to deter further violation of the law and to help restore peace by reconciliation. 

The Special Tribunal for Lebanon (STL) is an international UN tribunal and  to try all those who are alleged responsible for the attack of 14 February 2005 in Beirut that killed the former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafiq Hariri and 22 others.

  

International Criminal Court (ICC) is a fully independent organization with 108 member countries. It represents all major legal traditions of the world and judges crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes.